EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL SITUATION IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS ON TOWNSHIP ROADS

Authors

  • T. I. Rusakova Dep. «Aerohydrodynamics and Masstransfer», Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Kazakov St., 18, Dnipropet-rovsk, Ukraine, 49010, tel. +38 (056) 776 82 05, e-mail rusackovat@yandex.ru, ORCID 0000-0001-5526-3578, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5526-3578

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2015/42171

Keywords:

chemically hazardous substance, emission of pollutant intensity, concentration of the pollutant, the method of discrete vortices, equation of transfer impurity, the numerical model

Abstract

Purpose. The paper examines the question of creation a mathematical apparatus for estimation the ecological situation in case of accidents on township roads (explosions). First of all the development of numerical model to calculate the level of air pollution in the emission of toxic chemical, taking into account meteorological parameters of the environment. Identifying areas where the maximum allowable concentration of this pollutant (in this case, ammonia) is exceeded and favorable areas for the population.Methodology. The developed method of numerical calculation of the air pollution concentration in case of toxic chemical (ammonia) was used, which is based on the coordinated decision of the hydrodynamic task and task of the pollutants transfer in the atmosphere. Hydrodynamic solution is based on the method of discrete vortices with the different geometry of buildings and their relative position, and solution of the task about transfer the pollutant is based on convection-diffusion equation of pollutant transfer using implicit difference schemes.Findings. Several computational experiments were made on the base of the developed numerical model.As a result of the calculations the vortex structures were obtained, which are formed in the flow around buildings; the velocity field of the wind flow around buildings and picture of the streamlines in the flow were come out; the concentration of the toxic chemical (ammonia) in research domain was calculated; the comparative analysis with the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) for this pollutant were made; the regularities of changing the ammonia concentration from different sides of the building were determined. Originality. A numerical model that allows visually reconstructing and analyzing the flow pattern, the presence of dead zones, areas of reverse flow at different geometry of buildings and their relative position that influences the distribution of pollutant in the atmosphere was calculated.Practical value. The obtained results will allow evaluating the level toxic shock to persons in case of accidents (explosions) on township roads with taking into account the influence of the buildings geometry on the hydrodynamic flow structure and dispersion of pollution.

Author Biography

T. I. Rusakova, Dep. «Aerohydrodynamics and Masstransfer», Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Kazakov St., 18, Dnipropet-rovsk, Ukraine, 49010, tel. +38 (056) 776 82 05, e-mail rusackovat@yandex.ru, ORCID 0000-0001-5526-3578

Т. И. Русакова

References

Belotserkovskiy S.M., Kotovskiy V.N., Nisht M.I. Matematicheskoye modelirovaniye ploskoparallelnogo otryvnogo obtekaniya tel [Mathematical modeling of plane-parallel separated flow around bodies].Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1988. 232 p.

Belyayev N.N., Gunko Ye.Yu., Rostochilo N.V. Zashchita zdaniy ot proniknoveniya v nikh opasnykh veshchestv [Protection of buildings against the penetration of hazardous substances]. Dnipropetrovsk, Akcent PP Publ., 2014. 136 p.

Belyayev N.N., Rostochilo N.V., Nedopekin F.V. Modelirovaniye lokalnoy zashchity zdaniy (shelter in-place) s uchetom sorbtsii opasnogo veshchestva na poverkhnostyakh vnutri pomeshcheniy [Modeling of the building local protection (shelter in-place) including sorbtion of hazardous contaminant on indoor surfaces]. Nauka ta prohres transportu. Visnyk Dnipropetrovskoho natsionalnoho universytetu zaliznychnoho transportu − Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport, 2014, No. 4 (52), pp. 23-36.

Belyayev N.N., Berlov A.V., Mashikhina P.B. Modelirovaniye nestatsionarnykh protsessov avariynogo zagryazneniya atmosfery [Simulation of nonstationary processes of accidental pollution in the atmosphere]. Dnipropetrovsk, Akcent PP Publ., 2014. 127 p.

Marchuk G.I. Matematicheskoye modelirovaniye v probleme okruzhayushhey sredy [Mathematical modeling in the environmental problem]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1982. 320 p.

Pliatsuk L.D., Boiko V.V. Otsinka vplyvu polia vitru ta koefitsiienta turbulentnosti pry modeliuvanni rozpovsiudzhennia vykydiv v atmosferi [Impact assessment of wind field and turbulence factor at simulation of emission atmosferіc propagation]. Visnyk Kremenchutskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Mykhaila Ostrohradskoho [Bulletin of Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University], 2011, no. 66, vol. 1, pp. 141-144.

Rusakova T.I. Prognozirovaniye zagryazneniya vozdushnoy sredy ot avtotrnsporta na ulitsakh i microrayonakh goroda [Prediction of air pollution from moto transport on city streets and districts]. Nauka ta prohres transportu. Visnyk Dnipropetrovskoho natsionalnoho universytetu zaliznychnoho transportu − Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport, 2013, no. 6 (48), pp. 32-44.

Samarskiy A.A. Teoriya raznostnykh skhem [The theory of difference schemes]. Moskow, Nauka Publ., 1983. 616 p.

Svetlichnaya S.D. Otsenka poluchennoy toksodozy pri rasprostranenii pervichnogo oblaka toksicheskogo veshchestva [Evaluation of the toxic dose during the primary cloud propagation of toxic substance]. Problemy nadzvychainykh sytuatsii − Problems of Emergencies, 2011, issue, 13, pp. 127-132.

Zgurovskiy M.Z., Skopetskiy V.V., Khrushch V.K., Belyayev N.N. Chislennoye modelirovaniye rasprostraneniya zagryazneniya v okruzhayushchey srede [Numerical modelling of pollution in the environment]. Kyiv, Naukova Dumka Publ., 1997. 368 p.

Biliaiev M. M., Rostochilo N. V., Kharytonov M.M. Expert systems for assessing disaster impact on the environment. Improving Disaster Resilience and Mitigation – IT Means and Tools, NATO Science for Pease and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 2014, pp. 153-165. doi: 10.1007/978-94-017-9136-6_10.

Bouder F. Risk Perception and Communication. Improving Disaster Resilience and Mitigation – IT Means and Tools, NATO Science for Pease and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 2014. pp. 45-62. doi: 10.1007/978-94-017-9136-6_3.

Chen Q. Protecting buildings from chemical and biological warfare agent attacks– a long journey. Editorial, HVAC&R Research, 2004, vol. 10, issue 4, pp. 389-391. doi: 10.1080/10789669.2004.10391110.

Qu Y., Millez M., Musson-Genon L., Carissimo B. Development of Building Resolving Atmospheric CFD Code Taking into Account Atmospheric Radiation in Complex Geometries. Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXI, NATO SPS Series C: Environmental Security, 2012, pp. 75-80. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-1359-8_13.

Kitada T. Episodic High Surface Ozone in Central Japan in Warm Season: Relative Importance of Local Production andLongRangeTransport. Air Pollution Modeling and its Application, NATO SPS Series C: Environmental Security, 2010, pp. 233-239. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-1359-8_39.

Murakami S., Mochida A., Yoshihiko H. Comparison of «k-ε» model, ASM and LES with wind tunnel test for flow field around cubic model. 8th Intern. Conf. on Wind Engineering.Western Ontario, 1991, no. 12, p. 3.

Persily A., Chapman R., Emmerich J.S. Building Retrofits for Increased Protection against Airborne Chemical and Biological Releases. National Institute of Standardsand Technology. Technology Administration. U. S. Department of Commerce, 2007, pp. 1-179. Available at: http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build07/PDF/b07006.pdf (Accessed 12 March 2015).

Protecting Buildings Occupants and Operations from Biological and Chemical Airborne Threats. Committee on Protecting Occupants of DOD Buildings from Chemical and Biological Release, 2007, pp. 1-152. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11965&page=R2 (Accessed 12 March 2015).

Roberto F., Rodi D.J. Transport and Dispersion of Biological Agents/Toxins. SCAPA. Biosafety Working Group, 2009, pp. 1-25. Available at: http://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/files/TransportandDispersion.pdf (Accessed 12 March 2015).

Sathe Yogesh V. Air Quality Modeling in Street canyons of Kolhapur City. Universal Jornal of Environmental Research and Technology, 2012, vol. 2, issue 2, pp. 97-105.

Downloads

Published

2015-04-29

How to Cite

Rusakova, T. I. (2015). EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL SITUATION IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS ON TOWNSHIP ROADS. Science and Transport Progress, (2(56), 65–76. https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2015/42171

Issue

No. 2(56) (2015)

Section

ECOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

License

Copyright and Licensing

This journal provides open access to all of its content.
As such, copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the authors, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). The CC BY license permits commercial and non-commercial reuse. Such access is associated with increased readership and increased citation of an author's work. For more information on this approach, see the Public Knowledge Project, the Directory of Open Access Journals, or the Budapest Open Access Initiative.

The CC BY 4.0 license allows users to copy, distribute and adapt the work in any way, provided that they properly point to the author. Therefore, the editorial board of the journal does not prevent from placing published materials in third-party repositories. In order to protect manuscripts from misappropriation by unscrupulous authors, reference should be made to the original version of the work.