Epistemological Ambiguity of Graphic Information in Construction and Drawing and its Impact on the Process of Designing and Implementing Construction Projects

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of this study is a systematic analysis of the nature of graphical ambiguity, the identification of its sources and manifestations, and the outlining of possible ways to minimize it. Methodology. The research employs an interdisciplinary approach that combines methods of epistemological analysis, visual semiotics, architectural graphics, and engineering communication. Within the study, a number of applied graphical models were developed representing typical sources of ambiguity. The method of comparative interpretation of graphic scenarios was applied to demonstrate the impact of ambiguous reading of drawings on the process of designing and implementing construction objects and structures. Findings. It was established that the epistemological ambiguity of graphical information arises from the interaction of several factors: the conventional nature of graphic symbols, the abstract character of drawings as models, differences in the professional competence of interpreters, and incomplete standardization and updating of documentation. It was also found that the use of BIM models and multimodal means of representation (2D + 3D + text) significantly reduces risks, although it does not completely eliminate ambiguity. Originality. The novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive investigation of epistemological ambiguity in the field of construction drawings from the perspectives of cognitive semiotics and architectural epistemology. The limitations of traditional standardization are identified, and the need to expand approaches to graphical communication in the context of contemporary digital architecture is substantiated. Practical value. The results can be applied in the professional training of architects, design engineers, and construction practitioners. The proposed recommendations on the use of multimodal information presentation tools (including BIM) can be integrated into internal regulations of architectural and construction companies in order to reduce errors and improve the quality of project implementation.