DEVELOPMENT OF CAR TRAFFIC VOLUMES ORGANIZATION METHODS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND IN THE USSR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2020/208934Keywords:
railway trasport, car traffic volumes organization, train formation plan, cars accumulationAbstract
Purpose. The main purpose of this article is to study the development of methods for organizing car traffic volumes into trains at the railways of the Russian Empire and the USSR. Methodology. The studies were carried out based on an analysis of literary sources and methods of the theory of organization of operational work of railways. Findings. The methods for organizing car traffic volumes have gone a significant development path under the influence of changes in the working conditions of railway transport, the formation of control technology and mathematical methods of optimization. The emergence of scientific methods for organizing car traffic volumes in trains dates back to the times of the Russian Empire. A modern approach to the organization of car traffic volumes is based on the plan for the train formation, developed in the USSR in 1931–1945. The goal of the implementation of the train formation plan was to reduce railroad expenses for cargo transportations. The conditions for the implementation of this approach is that the railways are vertically integrated: they simultaneously operate the railway infrastructure, and are the carriers transporting goods in their cars, while there is no competition between the transport modes for freight traffic volumes. The formation of modern methods for solving the problem of organizing car traffic volumes was mainly performed in 1945–1952. The basis of these methods is the separation of the organization of car traffic volumes into separate subtasks and their sequential solution in a deterministic and static setting. In practice, the organization of car traffic volumes at the railways of the USSR was solved in the 1970–1980s using a computer. The transition of Ukraine to a market model of the economy has led to a significant change in the working conditions of railway transport, which requires a review of the principles of organizing car traffic volumes into trains. Originality. For the first time, based on a historical analysis of the development of methods for organizing car traffic volumes at the railways of the Russian Empire and the USSR, connections were established between the working conditions of railway transport and methods for organizing car traffic volumes into trains. Practical value lies in the fact that they indicate the need to change in Ukraine the organization of car traffic volumes in accordance with the current working conditions of railway transport and the chosen direction of reforming the railway transportation market.
References
Akulinichev, V. M. (1959). Novyy metod rascheta plana formirovaniya poezdov. Trudy MIITa, 113, 76-102. (in Russian)
Arginskiy, K. (1903). Khlebnye zalezhi na russkikh zheleznykh dorogakh. Vestnik Saratovskogo otdeleniya RTO, 1; 3; 4, 12; 25; 38. (in Russian)
Berngard, K. A. (1946). Meropriyatiya po sokrashcheniyu prostoya vagonov pod nakopleniem odnogruppnykh tekhnicheskikh marshrutov. Trudy VNIIZhTa, 1, 4-33. (in Russian)
Berngard, K. A., Zabello, M. L., & Shulko, V. P. (1948). Rasschet plana formirovaniya odnogruppnykh tekhnicheskikh marshrutov. Trudy VNIIZhTa, 17, 44. (in Russian)
Berngard, K. A. (1953). Gruppovye poezda (Voprosy organizatsii vagonopotokov). Trudy VNIIZhTa, 76, 168. (in Russian)
Berngard, K. A. (1956). Tekhnicheskaya marshrutizatsiya zheleznodorozhnykh perevozok. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Borovoy, N. Ye. (1978). Marshrutizatsiya perevozok gruzov. Moscow: Transport. (in Russian)
Buyanova, V. K., Balashova, T. V., & Timokhin, E. Yu. (1978). Vnutridorozhnyy plan formirovaniya poezdov: metodika rascheta, algoritmy. Trudy TsNII MPS, 589, 135. (in Russian)
Vasilev, I. I. (1941). Grafiki i raschety po organizatsii zheleznodorozhnykh perevozok. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Duvalyan, S. V. (1969). Metody i algoritmy resheniya zadach planirovaniya i ucheta na zheleznodorozhnom transporte. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov VNIIZhTa, 401, 256. (in Russian)
Duvalyan, S. V. (1978). Razrabotka algoritmov i programm rascheta setevogo plana formirovaniya poezdov: otchet po nauchno-issledovatelskoy rabote. Moscow: VNGITs. (in Russian)
Duvalyan, C. B., & Garslyan, A. Ye. (1988). Raschet plana formirovaniya odnogruppnykh poezdov pri peremennykh normativakh i ogranicheniyakh razmerov pererabotki vagonov na stantsiyakh. Vestnik VNIIZhTa, 6, 1–5. (in Russian)
Zaglyadimov, D. P., Petrov, A. P., & Sergeev, Ye. S. (1941). Organizatsiya dvizheniya na zheleznodorozhnom transporte. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Ivanitskiy, N. M. (1956). Effektivnoe ispolzovanie otpravitelskoy marshrutizatsii. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 5, 74-75. (in Russian)
Instruktivnye ukazaniya po sostavleniyu plana formirovaniya poezdov/MPS SSSR. (1952). Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Instruktivnye ukazaniya po organizatsii vagonopotokov na zheleznykh dorogakh SSSR. (1967). Moscow: Transport. (in Russian)
Instruktivnye ukazaniya po organizatsii vagonopotokov na zheleznykh dorogakh SSSR. (1982). Moscow: Transport. (in Russian)
Instruktyvni vkazivky z orhanizatsii vahonopotokiv na zaliznytsiakh Ukrainy: No. 1028-TsZ. (2015). Kyiv: TOV «Shvydkyi rukh. (іn Ukrainian)
Kazyulin, T. Ye. (1971). Vybor optimalnogo varianta organizatsii vagonopotokov metodom dinamicheskogo programmirovaniya. Trudy MIIT, 362, 18-35. (in Russian)
Karamyshev, D. M. (1910). O rabote sortirovochnogo parka. Izvestiya obshchego byuro soveshchatelnykh sezdov, 1; 2, 45; 129. (in Russian)
Kislyakov, N. T., & Tikhomirov, I. G. (1934). Organizatsiya zheleznodorozhnykh perevozok. Moskva: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Kovrov, P. A. (1961). K raschetu effektivnosti otpravitelskoy marshrutizatsii. Voprosy ekspluatatsii zheleznykh dorog, 182, 106-127. (in Russian)
Korbut, A. A., & Finkelshteyn, Yu. Yu. (1969). Diskretnoe programmirovanie. Moscow: Nauka. (in Russian)
Kochnev, F. P., Maksimovich, B. M., Pomerantsev, V. V., Tikhonov, K. K., & Chernomordik, G. I. (1958). Organizatsiya dvizheniya na zheleznodorozhnom transporte: uchebnik dlya vuzov zheleznodorozhnogo transporta. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Kochnev, F. P., Tikhonov, K. K., & Chernomordik, G. I. (1963). Organizatsiya dvizheniya na zheleznodorozhnom transporte: uchebnik dlya vuzov. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Krauze, A. (1894). O merakh k uskoreniyu dostavki gruzov po zheleznym dorogam. Inzhener, 4, 172-176. (in Russian)
Kurbatova, A. V., & Kurbatov, F. S. (2012). Zheleznodorozhnyy transport Rossii i SShA v pokazatelyakh ispolzovaniya putevoy infrastruktury, podvizhnogo sostava i proizvoditelnosti truda. Rossiya i mir, 4, 118-130. (in Russian)
Kutukova, G. A. (1958). Raschet pokazateley zadannogo varianta plana formirovaniya na ETsVM. Vestnik VNIIZhTa, 1, 60-62. (in Russian)
Kutyrkin, A. V., & Vasilev, V. I. (1980). Raschet optimalnogo plana formirovaniya odnogruppnykh poezdov metodom vetvey i granits. Vestnik VNIIZhTa, 7, 49-54. (in Russian)
Kutyrkin, A. V. (1981). Dinamicheskaya model planirovaniya i operativnogo upravleniya vagonopotokami. Vestnik VNIIZhTa, 8, 7-13. (in Russian)
Kutyrkin, A. V. (1983). Algoritmy operativnoy korrektirovki plana formirovaniya poezdov. Vestnik VNIIZhTa, 8, 1-6. (in Russian)
Larionov, V. S. (1927). K voprosu o spetsializatsii tovarnykh poezdov. Trudy MIITa, V, 251; 288. (in Russian)
Larionov, B. C. (1947). Novyy metod rascheta plana formirovaniya. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 10, 12-15. (in Russian)
Levin, D. Yu. (1977). Organizatsiya porozhnikh vagonopotokov so stantsiey vygruzki. Vestnik VNIIZhTa, 7, 46-48. (in Russian)
Manos, I. Ya., & Frolov, A. N. (1926). Obshchiy kurs ekspluatatsii zheleznykh dorog. Moscow, Leningrad: Gosudarstvennoe izdanie. (in Russian)
Mikhelson, K. P. (1937). Lzhenauka v ekspluatatsii zheleznykh dorog pod prikrytiem «matematiki». Trudy MIITa, 50, 51-82. (in Russian)
Nastavlenie o spetsializatsii tovarnykh poezdov. (1925). Moscow: Moskovsko-Kazanskaya zheleznaya doroga. (in Russian)
Negrey, V. Y., & Shkuryn, K. M. (2018). Synergetic approach to the calculation of one-group train formation plan. Science and Transport Progress, 5(77), 53-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2018/147718 (in Russian)
Neyshtadt, S. I. (1934). Transport, rabotayushchiy na predele. Ekspluatatsiya zheleznykh dorog, 6, 14-17. (in Russian)
Nurmukhamedov, R. Z. (1982). Issledovanie voprosov rascheta plana formirovaniya poezdov v rayone mestnoy raboty. Trudy TashIIT, 176/23, 69-81. (in Russian)
Okipnyy, L. D., & Pokavkin, V. A. (1985). Effektivnost operativnoy organizatsii vagonopotokov. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 11, 13-16 (in Russian)
Orlov, V. N., & Povorozhenko, V. V. (1943). Tekhniko-ekonomicheskie raschety po organizatsii zheleznodorozhnykh perevozok. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Osipov, V. T. (1958). Otpravitelskaya marshrutizatsiya na zheleznodorozhnom transporte. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Osminin, A. T. (2010). Razvitie teorii i metodov rascheta plana formirovaniya poezdov. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 10, 31-39. (in Russian)
Petrov, A. P., & Cherenin, V. P. (1948). Usovershenstvovanie metoda sostavleniya plana formirovaniya poezdov. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 3, 60-71. (in Russian)
Petrov, A. P. (1950). Plan formirovaniya poezdov: Opyt, teoriya, metodika raschetov. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Petrov, A. P. (1958). Primenenie elektronnykh vychislitelnykh mashin na zheleznodorozhnom transporte. Vestnik VNIIZhTa, 1, 8-18. (in Russian)
Povorozhenko, V. P., Berngard, K. A., & Glikman, M. S . (1948). Ekspluatatsionnye trebovaniya k razmeshcheniyu sortirovochnykh stantsiy. Trudy VNIIZhTa, 25, 289. (in Russian)
Pokavkin, V. A. (1961). K voprosu ob effektivnosti gruppovoy tekhnicheskoy marshrutizatsii perevozok. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov RIIZhT, 30, 93-143. (in Russian)
Pokavkin, V. A. (1973). Raschet plana formirovaniya odnogruppnykh poezdov modifitsirovannym metodom posledovatelnogo priblizheniya. Trudy RIIZhTa, 98, 25-68. (in Russian)
Pokavkin, V. A., & Meleshko, V. N. (1985). Operativnoe naznachenie gruppovykh poezdov i ispolzovanie diffe-rentsirovannykh mass poezdov v sisteme optimalnoy organizatsii vagonopotokov. Voprosy uvelicheniya propusknoy i provoznoy sposobnosti zheleznykh dorog, 182, 51-57. (in Russian)
Popov, A. I. (1966). Algoritm i programma rascheta plana formirovaniya odnogruppnykh i gruppovykh poezdov na EVM po metodu napravlennogo perebora variantov. Trudy MIITa, 229, 68. (in Russian)
Prokhorchenko, A. V. (2014). Investigation of scale-invariant property of organization system of train traffic volume based on the percolation theory. Science and Transport Progress, 5(53), 56-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2014/30471 (in Russian)
Rikhter, I. I. (1883). Ocherk mer, umenshayushchikh raskhody soderzhaniya i ekspluatatsii zheleznykh dorog. St. Petersburg. (in Russian)
Saenko, V. G., & Del, Rio B. (1953). Vybor optimalnogo varianta plana formirovaniya odnogruppnykh poezdov. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 9, 78-85. (in Russian)
Sokovich, V. A. (1916). Vliyanie prostoya vagonov na sortirovochnykh stantsiyakh v zavisimosti ot chisla sortiruemykh napravleniy. Vestnik Yekaterininskoy zheleznoy dorogi, 462/30, 1-5. (in Russian)
Sokovich, V. A. (1929). Zheleznodorozhnye perevozki: Osnovy organizatsii. Moscow: Transpechat NKPS. (in Russian)
Sokovich, V. A., Poshivaylo, I. N., Grankvist, V. V., & Kolesnikov, N. P. (1941). Organizatsiya dvizheniya na zheleznodorozhnom transporte: uchebnik dlya vuzov zheleznodorozhnogo transporta. (Vol. 1-2). Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Stopichev, S. G. (1959). Nakhozhdenie optimalnogo varianta plana formirovaniya odnogruppnykh tekhnicheskikh marshrutov. Vestnik VNIIZhT, 4, 19-23. (in Russian)
Strelko, O. G. (2015). The analysis of the professor O. M. Frolov‟s scientific heritage (1863-1939) in the field of railway operation. Scholarly Works of the Faculty of History, Zaporizhzhya National University, 4, 361-364. (in Russian)
Robel, R. I. (Ed.). (1956). Tekhnicheskiy spravochnik zheleznodorozhnika. Vol. 13: Ekspluatatsiya zheleznykh dorog. Moscow: Transzheldorizdat. (in Russian)
Tikhonov, K. K. (1962). Tekhniko-ekonomicheskie raschety v ekspluatatsii zheleznykh dorog. Moscow: Vsesoyuzno izdatelsko-poligraficheskoe obedinenie Ministerstva putey soobshcheniya. (in Russian)
Tulupov, L. P. (1953). Raschet plana formirovaniya poezdov s pomoshchyu vspomogatelnykh tablits. Trudy MIITa, 79, 150-165. (in Russian)
Ugryumov, A. K. (1953). Sovershenstvovanie metodov rascheta plana formirovaniya. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 6, 58-66. (in Russian)
Frolov, A. N. (1901). Obshchie mysli o prostoe vagonov na sortirovochnykh stantsiyakh. Inzhener, 5, 235-238 (in Russian)
Frolov, A. N. (1903). Novaya ideya khlebnoy mobilizatsii. Vestnik Saratovskogo otdeleniya RTO, 3, 41. (in Russian)
Frolov, A. N. (1903). Obshchie soobrazheniya o prostoe vagonov na sortirovochnykh stantsiyakh. XX Soveshchatelnyy sezd inzhenerov sluzhby puti russkikh zheleznykh dorog 1902 g. Protokoly zasedaniy i trudy, 157-165. (in Russian)
Frolov, A. N. (1903). Obshchie soobrazheniya o prostoe vagonov v sortirovochnoy stantsii. Saratov. (in Russian)
Frolov, A. N. (1906). Sbornik statey, kasayushchikhsya stantsiy i manevrov. Saratov. (in Russian)
Frolov, A. N. (1921). K voprosu o vzaimodeystvii sortirovochnykh stantsiy. Tekhnika i ekonomika putey soobshcheniya, 8, 19-24. (in Russian)
Cherenin, V. P. (1949). Schetnaya mashina dlya sostavleniya plana formirovaniya poezdov : Izobretenie № 405197-1U. 1.X. Avtorskoe svidetelstvo ot 24.01.1951. (in Russian)
Cherenin, V. P. (1954). Mekhanizatsiya raschetov po sostavleniyu plana formirovaniya poezdov. Tekhnika zheleznykh dorog, 1, 22-24. (in Russian)
Cherenin, V. P. (1962). Algoritm i programma posledovatelnykh raschetov plana formirovaniya. Sostavlenie plana formirovaniya poezdov na elektronnykh mashinakh. Trudy VNIIZhTa, 247, 113-131. (in Russian)
Chernov, G. I. (1978). Optimalnoe raspredelenie porozhnikh tsistern na poligone dorogi. Zheleznodorozhnyy transport, 1, 10-14. (in Russian)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Licensing
This journal provides open access to all of its content.
As such, copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the authors, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). The CC BY license permits commercial and non-commercial reuse. Such access is associated with increased readership and increased citation of an author's work. For more information on this approach, see the Public Knowledge Project, the Directory of Open Access Journals, or the Budapest Open Access Initiative.
The CC BY 4.0 license allows users to copy, distribute and adapt the work in any way, provided that they properly point to the author. Therefore, the editorial board of the journal does not prevent from placing published materials in third-party repositories. In order to protect manuscripts from misappropriation by unscrupulous authors, reference should be made to the original version of the work.
